Dovetail-box-setting-up machine.



iPATENTBD SEPT.' 29, 19o3;.

I No. 740,000.

- J. B..ERICKS') N.y DOVBTAIL Box SETTING-UP MACHINE APPI'IIOATION FILED 0012.13, 1902.

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No. 740,000.A Y PATBNTBD SEPT. 29, laos-. 1. B. BRIcKsoN.

DOVBTAIL B0X SETTING-UP MACHINE.4

APPLIQATIOR FILED 00Tr13I 1902.

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Np. 740,000, PATENTED SEPT. 29.1903.

J. E. ERICKSON.

`DOVETAIL BOX SETTING-UP MACHINE.

APPLIOATIQN FILED 001.13, 1902. No MODEL.

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No. 740,000. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

' J. E. ERICKSON.

DOVETIL BOX SETTING-UP MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.13, 1902*.

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l No. 740,000. v PATENTBD SEPT. 29, 100s.

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novETA'IL B0X SETTING-030000111115.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 13. 1902. V

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No. 740,060. i

UNITED STATES Patented September 29, SO.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. ERICKSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGDOR- OF THREE-EIGI'lTl-IS TO HARALD J. LOHRBAUAR, TALT BAUAR, OF ST'. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

ER B. KELLY, AND JOHANNES LOUR- DV-ETAIL`BOX-S ETTINGUP MAQHIN VE.

APECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 740,000, dated September 29, 1903.

' Applicant anaemia 1s. 1902. anni no. 121,011. on maan .To all whom it my concern:

lle it known that I, JOHN E. ERICKSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and u sef nl Im provementsin l)ovetail-Box-Setting-Up Machines, of which the following is aspccification.

My invention relates to machines for uniting the sides and ends of h oxes having dovet-ail joints.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine adapted to hold the box sides and ends in planes at right angl-es to each other and facilitate the operation of uniting them to form the box.

My improved machine includes means `for rigidly supporting the box sides in parallel vertical planes; means for supporting the box ends in vertical planes at right angles to the sides; means for sim ultaneously pressing both, end boards against the ends o the side boards to press the dovetail tenons `into the corresponding grooves to unite the box sides and ends; means for automatically releasing the pressure devices when the box members have been thus joined, and means for adjusting appropriate parts of the machine to adapt it for boxes of different widths and lengths. Such machine is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a front View of the machine. Fig. E. is also a front elevation, portions of the machine being broken away to disclose intcriorfcatnres. Fig. 3 is a plan view. Fig. -i is an end elevation from the right of Figs. 1 to 3, showing in detached view the means for starting and stopping the' operation of the machine. Fig. 5 is aplan view of the devices shown in Fig. 4. Figs. 6 to 9 are details of the devices shown in Figs. 4 and 5 for starting and stopping the machine. Fig. 10 is a detail view of the friction and brake devices shown in Figs. -l and 5. Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views of other of the devices for controlling the operation of lthe machine shown in Figs. 4 and Fig. 13 is a detail view of the eccentric device whica sets in motion the mechanism for exerting `lateral pressure on the box sides. fllig. 1i is also a detail of one ol the devices [or actuating the clamps for the box sides, and Fig. i5 is a dciizuihed view of one of the boxend holders and its supportl and carriage.

In thedrawiugs,l designates the main frame 55 of the machine, of rectangular shape, and 2 a rearwardcxtcnsion for the support, in part, of the driving-gear. The driving-pulley 3 is on a shaft 4, that carries also a small frictionwheel'5. This shaft is journalcd in boxes 6 6o at both sides of the friction-wheel, and the boxes are formed on arms 7, that extend lat-` erally from sleeves S, that are keyed to a rockshaft 9, and thc latter shaft is journaled in boxes on the frames l and 2. u The pulley 65 3, shaft 1, and friction-wheel 5 run continuously when the machine isin use, and the op erat-ive mechanisms are set in motion by i means of the wheel 5, the position of which is controlled'by the rocking of the shaft 9, 7o and the wheel transmits motion to the machine by periodical contact with a largerfriction-.wheel 11. The shaft i) also carries a brake 1:3, set at a suitable inclination to the arms 7 on the opposite side of the shaft to"75 alternate with the wheel 5 in contacting with the wheel1.

The rocking of the shaft D to bring the fric: tion-wheels in contact is cilfected by the op# eration of a foot-lever vlzlat the front of the nla- 8o chine. This lever is indirectly fulerulned toa bracket 1i on a lower cross-bar of the main frame, and on its inner end is provided an adjustable connterweight to serve as an aid in returning the lever and connecting parts to initial position. On the body of the lever and at right angles to it is an upward arm 16, which is fulcrumcd by the pins 17 between the bifurcations of the bracket 14.

To the upper portion of the arm 16 is pivotgo ally connected a barlS, that extends in nearly horizontal direction toward the rear of the machine. Near the inner end the bar has at Y its under side two notches 19 and :20, and bcncath and at right angles to the bar and in position to be engaged hy the notch 19 is a plate :21, that is pivoted at 2:! toa cross-piece of the main frame. The bar 1S seats loosely between a pair of studs projecting upward from the plate 2l, and a beveled catch loo 24, attached by bolts to or 'formed on the plate, is arranged to engage in the notch 19, so that when the bar is drawn toward the freni. by the operai-ion of the foot-lever 13 2 y 74o,ooo

the-engagement ,of the catch :Il will serve to `swing the plate 21 on its pivot 2i. The ex tent of the swinging return movement of the plate "2l is regulated by an adjustable stop 2G, carried on the plate and arranged to strike the frame-piece, to which the plate is pvotcd.

The opposite end of the swinging plate -21 is made to contact with the lower end of a vertical lever 27, placed at right angles to the axis of theplatc and the fulcruln of which is the rock-shaft 9, to which it is made fast-by a setscrew 2S, key, or other means. For the purposes of adjustment of the contact end of the lever 27 with reference t-o the part 2l it is provided with a plate 29 and a screw 30 for adjusting it. vThe movement of the lever by the throw of the plate :3l serves to turn the shaft 9 su tiiciently to move the friction-wheel 5 to operative contact with the wheel 1l.

For the purpose of separating the frictiongear and applying the brake 12 to the wheel 11 the upper end of the lever 27 carries a spring 31, that bears against a part of the main frame and is 4seated in a socket-piece 32 against the end of Va screw 33, by means et' which the spring pressure can be regnl:xted. When the bar 1S is liftcdsuiciently to free the catch 2l from the notch 19., the plate 21 and the lever 7 are free to be moved, and the force of the spring 3l serves to svn' ng the latter and thereby rock the shaft t) to free the friction-gears and apply the brake.

The gearing by which the box holding and pressing devices are actuated consists of a pinion 34 on the shaft 35 of the friction-wheel 11, a gear-wheel 3G on a shaft37 in mesh with the pinion 34, and a pinion 3S on the shaft 3T in mesh with the gear-wheel 39 on ashaft 10, all of the shafts named being mounted in boxes 41 on the frame parts 1 and 2. The shaft 4() is that which communicates motion direct-ly to the clamping and pressing devices and also constitutes a cam-shaft, by means of which the bar 1S` is automatically freed from the catch 24, when the clamping and pressing operations are completed, to permit the frictiongears to be separated and the brake applied.

The devices are as follows: On the shaft 0 is a longitudinally-extended cam-surface,providing diametrieally opposite cams or wipers 42, and beneath them is a lever 43, pivoted at 44 to across-piece of the main f rame and having one end in posit-ion to be engaged bythe wipers and the other in position to engage the foot-leYer-connecting bar 1S. The end of the lever 4:3 that is acted upon by the wipers car- `ries a sliding contact-head l5, that can be ad'- justed in a socket-piece lo, by means of a screw 47, to regulate the throw of the lever. The other end of the lever carries a gravitating dog 4S, that'is connected by a pivot 49 to a lug 50 at the side of the lever. The lower inner portion of the lever is cut away to permit the weighted port-ion ot' the dog to swing beneath it. 'The toot-h of the dog is so placed as to engage in the notch 2G in the bar 1S.

The end of the lever 43 is provided withapro jectionI, which engages a portion of the frame I to serve as a stop mand. limit the descent of that end of the lever. When the machine is at rest, the positions of theseV parts are as shown in Fig. G. Pressure then upon the footflever will draw the bar 1S forward, and its contact with. the dog 4S will turn it from the position shown in Fig. 6 to that shown in Fig. i', and when the machiner has been started by such movement of the bar 1S and the lever llis free from the action otone of the wipers 42, as shown in Fig. 12, the lever will tilt by gravity and free the tooth of the dog from the notch E2G and allow it to swing to the position shown in Fig. S, and when the other wiper then contacts with the level', as in Fig. 11, the latter will again be operated, and the dog will engage the under surface of the bar 1S and lift it to free it from contact with the plate 2l, as indicated in Fig. 5l, thereby permitting the spriugll to operate to disconnect the friction-gear and set the brake; 'When the pressure upon the foot-lever ceases, the counterweight 15 will cause the bar v1S to return from the position shown 'in Fig. 9 to that shown in Fig. l5. It will be understood from the foregoing that while pressure upon the foot-lever is required to start the machine its operation will cease automatically at the proper time regardless 0f a continuation of such pressure.

The box sides 5:2 (shown by broken lines) are supported in opposite parallel vertical planes between fixed standards 53 and mov able clamping-stand ards 54. The fixed stand.- ards are formed on plates or pieces 55, thatare -adjustably secured the one set to the horizontal stationar Y top part 56 of the main frame and the other set to the laterally-slidable top portion 57 of the frame.

The movable standards 54 are formed or secured on the'inner ends of bent carrier-plates 58, outer portions of which plates are pivoted to lugs on the frame parts land 57, as shown at. 59. Springs 450, seated in sockets 6l formed on the carriers 5S, bear, respectively, against the frame parts 56 and 57 and tend to move the carriers outward. On the outer ends of the carrier-plates are rollers 6:?, which bear against npwardly-inclined su rt'aces o3, form-ed on the upright ends (il of horizrmtallyarranged levers 65. 'lhese levers are pivoted at lili to the frame parts 5U and 57, and their upright portions il are provided with antifriction-rollers f3?, which bear on the surfaces of the parts 513 and 57. Whenthe lever endsl (il are moved downward, their inclined surfaces 33 engage the rollers H2, and thereby swing the standard-carricrs 5S en their pvots and move the standards :34 toward the standards 525 and clamp the interposed box side boa-rds 5i. 'lo accomplish such 1novement of the levers G5, a lifting-rod 13S is provided, which is carried by arlns'ifi, extending laterally from sleeves 7U, that are keyed to a transverse shaft 7l, that turns in journalroo los

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boxes f on the main frame. The arm G fl at the rear of the machine'ovcrhangs a bar 73, that is pivoted to a bracket 7l beneath the sleeve 70, and on the inner end of the bar is provided apn or roller 75, which rides on the surface of the cam-disk 7U, formed around the hub of the gear-wheel 39. An ad justing-screw 77 on the arm (if) seats on the surface of the bar 73 and serves to lift the arm when the bar rises, and the former drops by gravity The movement of the arm 69 at the rear is transmitted to the arm at the front of the machine by the action of theshaft 71, to which both arms are fast.

The arrangement of the surfaces ol' the cam 76 is such that when the machine is. atA rest the pin will be in one of the cam-depressions, which will perm it the rod GS to descend and .allow the spring (30 to retract the standards 5l, thus providing ample space for inserting the box sides between the'standards. Upon starting the gear-wheel 3H the pin 75 will riseA to the periphery of the diskf and canse the movable standards to'clamp the boards against the fixed standards and hold them in place to receive the box ends.

The endboards 7S of the box (shown by broken lines) are held in uprightposition at 'right angles to the side boards between knees 79, adjustably secured on the sliding carriages S0. 0n the faces of the knees are sc-Y eured upright blocks S1, which are provided with a series of teeth or projections Si', against which the tenons of the box end abut to reinforce them and prevent them from breaking when they are forced in place in the mortscs of the sides. For holding the end pieces in proper position relative to the sides sliding tongues S3, adapted to enter the mortises of the end pieces, aremade to project at intervals between the projections S2, and they are backed by springs Si, provided on the blocks Sl, which permit them to yield and bc thrust out of the 'ay by contact with the tenons of the sides. The lower edges of the box sides rest on supports S5, which may yield slightly downward when required and which are carried on the inner ends of plates 8G, which are adjustably connected to the kneebascs by screws S7. For convenience of yconstruction the knees 79 are made of two corresponding vertical parts bolted together by bolts SS. Screws S9, operating through vertical projections on the knees, provide an adjustable backing for the blocks S1, which are connected by pivots 91 to top portions of the knee sides, in order that the blocks can be adjusted to inclined positions for service in setting up boxes of tapering,r shapes.

The carriages S0, by means of which the knees Til are reeiproeated, are arranged to slide in ways provided by guide-pieces il?, secured en the frame members 513 and by bolts fifi, and the mechanism for iccipi .n'at.ing the carriages is as follow: 'l`o the sides of the carriages are bolted platesfl-i, tothe inner ends of which are pivoled bars U5, which in turn are pivotally connected at a6 to the upper portions of pivoted coperating plates or levels 97. The front pair of these lever-s is zu supported on a cross-piece of the main frame and the rear pair on a depending bracket provided on the adjustable frame member 57. The levers are connected to their respective supports by pivot-s 9S, which pass through 75 exterior shield-plates im to the supports. The. adjoiningportions of the pairs of levers between their pivots have int-ermeshing cogs 100, which aid in producing simultaneous and equal lever movements. The lower lever por tions carry rollers 101, that face each other and are engaged by cams for moving those portions of the levers apart to cause the upper` portions to approach each other, and thereby draw the carriages SO inward. The cam-hody l2 on the shaft 40 is that which engages thenner pair of levers 97, and a cam or wiper 102 of like shape in cross-section is providedon the front end of the same'shaft for operat- Y ing the forward pair of levers.

When the shaft l() is rotated by the gearwheel 3U, it turns the cams 42 and 102 in the direction oi" the arrows .2, and therebytyhrusts, apart the `lower arms of thelevers 97 anticorrespondngly moves the upper arms toward each other, which movement in turn draws the carriages SU toward thc middle lo 'cause the knee-blocks to press .the'ends to contact with the sides of the box. i

The retraction ofthe carriages S0 is effected by the further rotation of the cams 42 and .102 (as from the horizontal position indicated in Fig. 12 to the vertical position in Fi". 11)

to cause their engagement with bifurcatedlifting devices having rigidly-connected legs 103 and 104, which are attached by pivots 105 to one of the lower arms of the levers 97. As the cams revolve they contact with the legs 103 0L the lift-er and movethem upward in arcs of which the pivots US andv 105 are the centers, and the legs 104 are made to bear against the concaved walls 10G of the opposite lever 97. The eogs 100' coperate with the liftcrdegs in turning the two levers 97 op postely on their fulerums. Such movements obvious] y will serve to' correspondingly slide the carriages S0. The movement of thc cams 42 and 10i! is controlled by the mechanism for starting and stopping the pressure devices heretofore described.

To adjust the machine for boxes of different widths, the frame part 57 is made siidable toward or away from the part 5G, between guide ribs 107, formed on transverse top frame-pieces 10S. Upward displacement` of the sliding member 57 is prevented b v hangers lili, attached thereto and arranged to engage and slide along the under edges of transverse bars llfl, that are bolted to lugs 111 on the frame l. Adjustment of the part 5T with respect to the part 5H is effected bythe screws 112 and 113, the former bcingturned directly by the handwheel lli and the latter by means of a eonmarting rod 115, the ends of ....mhv 1.....,1

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which carry bevel-gears 116, that mesh with like gears 117 on the shanks of the screws 112 and 113, and the rod turns in bearing boxes 11S, secured to the main frame. The turning of thehandwheel will obviously serve to move both ends of the part 57 equally at the same time. It will be noted that the' cam device 42 is made relatively long in order that it may perform its functions in whatever position of adjustment the mechanisms carried on the part 5T may be placed.

Adjustment of the knees 79 on the car- 'rages SO is effected by turning the handwheels 119. These hand-wheels are on the shanks of screws 120, that extend centrally into the carriages and have secured to their inner ends sockctpieces 121, having square or other angular sockets. In the other pair of carriages are revcisely-threaded screws 122, having their inner ends 123 of angular shape and arranged to slidebut not to turn within the socketpieces 121. Both sets of screws are loosely supported in the outer heads 1:24 of theV carriages and in depending sleeves 125, near their inner ends. At opposite sides of the sleeves 1:25 cell..:s 126 are se.- cured to the screws to prevent endwise move- 'lhc screws 120 and 122 turn operatively in clongated nuts 127, that-are secured by bolts 12S The knees slide on the surface and the nuts slide within the hollow bodies of the carriages, as illustrated in Fig. l5. The screws- 1:20 directly operate the nuts 1;7, which they engage to advance or retract the adjacent knees, while the nuts for the other pair of knees are actuated by the second and reverselythreaded pair of screws 122 by reason of the contact of their angular ends in the socket-pieces 121. By these means the cooperating knees can be simultaneously adjusted in' opposite directions by turning the hand -whcel 119 to arrange them for service in setting up boxes of different lengths.

In use, the box sides and ends having been placedin their respective positions in the machine, the operator presses upon the footl lever, and thereby draws the bar 1S toward the front of the machine, which swings the lever connections J1 and 27 and causes the friction-gear to contact and starts the in echanisms of the machine'. The first operative elect is that caused by the action of the cam 7G, which serves to tilt the levers f5.5, and thereby operate the staudardcarriers 5S to clamp the box sides between the movable and ixed standards. rl`he same rotation of the shaft 40 starts the revolution of the cams 12 and 102, and their action upon the lever devices 97 causes the carriages S0 and the knees 79, they carry, to gradually approach each other to bring the end boards to contact with the clamped and stationary side boards. The tenons of the one board are pressed steadily into the corresponding mortises of the other, and the tenons of the end boards are protected fromfbreaking by the reinforcing-block pr-l jections 4 The mechanisms are so adjusted that immediately upon complet-ion of the joining of the boards the action of the cams -12 and 102 upon the Ievers will cease and be followed quickly by their operation ot the lifting de-A vices 103 and V10i to effect a retraction of the carriages. Concnrrently with the latter operation the cam 76 will complete its act-ion upon the clamping devices and allow the springs G0 to release the clamps from the box sides. \\'hen the carriages have been moved back to initial positions, the friction-gears will have been separated and the brake applied to stop the maclrinein the ina-nner heretofore explained.

It will be apparent that many of the details of st rueture may be modified or\'aried witha outchanging the mode of operation of the machine. Therefore I do not wish to confine myself to the speci lic forms of devices shown and described.

What I claim is- 1. In a machine forsettingup doveta-ilA boxes, means for supporting and for automat ically clamping `the side boards in parallel vertical planes, means for supporting the end boards and for thrust in g them simultaneously against the side boards to press the tenons of the one into the mortises of theV other, and means for causing the automatic release of the clamps from thcbox sides, snbsta'nitially as set forth.

2. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes, means for supporting and for automatically clamping the side boards in parallel vertical pla n n, means for supporting the end z boards and to. thrusting them sim ultaneonsly against the side boards to press the tenons of the Vone into the mortises of the other, and means for causing Vthe automatic release of the clamps from the united box members, substantially as set forth.

3. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes,means for supporting and for automatically clamping the side boards in parallel vertical planes, means for supporting the end boards in vertical planes at right angles to the planes of the sides, means operating anto matically for thrusting them simultaneously against the side boards to press the tenons of the one into the mortises of the other, and means for causing the simultaneous automatic retraction of the end-boardtlirusting devices and side-board clamps, substantially as set fort-h.

4. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes,means for supporting the box sides and ends in vertical planes at right angles to cach other, means under control of an operator for starting the machine, and automat-ie means actuated by the machine for clamping, nuit ing, and releasing the box members and for stopping the machine, substantially as set forth.

5. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes,means for supporting and for automat- Aically clamping the side boards in parallel vertical planes, means for supporting the end boards in planes at right angles to the side boards and for thrusting them to Contact with the lat-ter to force the tenons into the mortises, controllable means for starting the machine, and automatic means actuated bythe machine for clamping and uniting the box members and for releasing the box, and for erating means for clamping `th`e box sides in' place, for moving the ends'to contact with the sides to unite them, for releasing the united box, and for stopping-the operationot the machine, substantially as set forth.

7. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes,means for supporting the box sides and ends in vcr-tical planes at right angles to each other, means under 'control of an operator for starting the machine, antoniatieally-operating clamps for the box sidcs,vautomatic reciprocating carriages 'for the boxends, and automatieally-operated means for releasing the box and stopping the machine, substantially as set forth.

S. In ay machine for setting up dovetail boxes, in combination, means for supporting and for automatically clamping the side boards in parallel `vertical plancs,means for v.impporting the end boards in vertical planes tin-usting them simultaneously against the side boa-rds to press the tenons of the one into the mortises of the other, means for causing the automatic release of the box sides, and means for causing the simultaneous release of the end-board-thrusting devices from the box ends, substantially as set forth.

9. In a machine for setting upA dovetal boxes, in combination, means for supporting the side boards in parallel vertical planes,

boxes, means for supporting the box sides and ends in vertical planes at right angles to each other, reciprocatin g carriages for thrusting the box ends to contact with the box sides, pivoted levers connected to the carriages, cams intermediate the levers for operating them, controllable means for starting the machine to operate the cams, and automaticallyoperating means for stopping the machine, Substantially as set forth.

11. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes, means for supporting the box sides 7c and ends in vertical planes at right angles to each other, automatically-operating clamps for holding the box sides in place while the machine is operating, reciprocating carriages for thrusting the box ends to contact with the box sides, pivoted levers connected to the carriages, cams intermediate the levers for operating them, controllable means for stai-tf ing the machine to operate the cams, and autoinaticallyoperatng means Iorstopping 8o the machine, substantially as set forth.

12. In a machine for setting up dovetail boxes, means for supporting the box sides in upright parallel positions, carriages for sup porting the box ends at right angles to the sides, pivoted levers connected to the carriages for reciprocating them, cams intermedia-te the levers for operating them to move the carriages inward, and devices engaged by the cams in their further movement for 9o retracting the carriages, substantially as set forth.

13. In a machinefor setting up dovetail boxes, means for support-ing the box sides in upright parallel position s,earria ges for thrusting the box ends to contact with the box sides, knees on the carriages'for supporting the boxv ends, yielding tongues provided thereon for entering the mortises of the box ends to hold the latter in place, and means for reciprocat- :no ing the carriages to unite the box ends and sides, substantially as set forth.

14. In a machine for setting up, dovetail boxes, means for supporting the box sides in upright parallel positions,earriagesfor thrust- :o5 ing the box ends to contact with the box sides, knees on the carriages for supporting the box ends, projections provided thereon abutting the tenons of the box ends, yielding tongues intervening said projections 'for entering the no mortises of the box ends to hold the latter in A place, and means for reciprocating the carriages to unite the box ends and sides, substantially as set forth. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 10th day of October, 1902.

JOHN E. ERICKSON. Witnesses:

F. LOHRBAUER, J. Loana-man.

Itis hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 740,000, granted September 29,1003,

upon the application of John E. Erickson, of St. Paul, Minnesota, fox-,an improvement p in DovetailBox-Scttng-up Machines, errors appear requiring the following correa tions, viz: In the grantand in the printed heir-d of the specicntion, it is stated that said Erickson assigned three-eighths to Harald J.Lohrha.`uar, falter B. Kelly, and Johannes Lohrbauar, of St. Paul, Minnesota., whereas it should have been stated that he assigned eleven-sidewalks to said parties, and that the name of `the assignees, Lohrbanar, should have been spelled Lohrbauer; and that thesaid Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thevlatent Ofice. "nl' SignedV end sealed this 10th day o? November, A. D., 19:03..

[SEAL] F. I. ALLEN,

Commissioner of Patents. 

